Helios

Helios Documentation

On-Line Documentation

HELIOS comes with on-line documentation and a set of examples that allow users to get started quickly. Many of the user interface windows have Help buttons that go directly to the relevant help page. The following provide additional information on HELIOS modeling and benchmarking.

Overview Papers

HELIOS-CR -- a 1-D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code with inline atomic kinetics modeling, J.J. MacFarlane, I.E. Golovkin, P.R. Woodruff,

Memos on Helios Benchmark Calculation

Dissertations

Estudio de los parametros atomicos necesarios en la diagnosis de los plasmas fríos generados en procesos industriales. C. M. Diaz, Master Thesis, Universidad Politecnica De Madrid (2017).
Theoretical and experimental studies of radiation from Z-pinch complex wire arrays and applications. M. Weller, Dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno (2014).
Theoretical modeling of radiation-driven atomic kinetics of a neon photoionized plasma. T. Durmaz, Dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno (2014).

Research Papers

Femtosecond laser produced periodic plasma in a colloidal crystal probed by XFEL radiation. N. Mukharamova, S. Lazarev, J. Meijer, O. Gorobtsov, A. Singer, M. Chollet, M. Bussmann, D. Dzhigaev, Y. Feng, M. Garten, A. Huebl, T. Kluge, R. Kurta, V. Lipp, R. Santra, M. Sikorski, S. Song, G. Williams, D. Zhu, B. Ziaja-Motyka, T. Cowan, A. Petukhov, I. Vartanyants, Nature, Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, p. 10780, (2020).
Subnanosecond phase transition dynamics in laser-shocked iron. H. Hwang, E. Galtier, H. Cynn, I. Eom, S. Chun, Y. Bang, G. Hwang, J. Choi, T. Kim, M. Kong, S. Kwon, K. Kang, H. Lee, C. Park, Y. Lee, S. Shim, T. Vogt, S. Kim, J. Park, Sunam Kim, D. Nam, J. Lee, H Hyun, M. Kim, T. Koo, C. Kao, T. Sekine, Yongjae Lee, Science Advances, Vol. 6 (23), p. 5132, (2020).
X-ray heating and electron temperature of laboratory photoionized plasmas. R. Mancini, T. Lockard, D. Mayes, I. Hall, G. Loisel, J. Bailey, G. Rochau, J. Abdallah, Jr., I. Golovkin, D. Liedah, Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 101, p. 051201, (2020).
Guiding of high-intensity laser pulses in 100mm-long hydrodynamic optical-field-ionized plasma channels matter. A. Picksley, A. Alejo, J. Cowley, N. Bourgeois, L. Corner, L. Feder, J. Holloway, H. Jones, J. Jonnerby, H. Milchberg, L. Reid, A. Ross, R. Walczak, S. Hooker, Preprint, (2020).
Demonstration of X-ray Thomson scattering as diagnostics for miscibility in warm dense matter. S. Frydrych, J. Vorberger, N. Hartley, A. Schuster, K. Ramakrishna, A. Saunders, T. van Driel, R. Falcone, L. Fletcher, E. Galtier, E. Gamboa, S. Glenzer, E. Granados, M. MacDonald, A. MacKinnon, E. McBride, I. Nam, P. Neumayer, A. Pak, K. Voigt, M. Roth, P. Sun, D. Gericke, T. Doppner, D. Kraus, Nature Communications, Vol. 11(1), p. 2620, (2020).
Modeling radiative-shocks created by laser-cluster interactions. R. Scott, N. Booth, S. Hawkes, D. Symes, C. Hooker, H. Doyle, S. Olsson-Robbie, H. Lowe, C. Price, D. Bigourd, S. Patankar, K. Mecseki, E. Gumbrell, R. Smith, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, p. 033301 (2020).
Dynamically pre-compressed hydrocarbons studied by self-impedance mismatch. N. Hartley, C. Zhang, X. Duan, L. Huang, S. Jiang, Y. Li, L. Yang, A. Pelka, Z. Wang, J. Yang, D. Kraus, Matter and Radiation at Extremes, Vol. 5, p. 028401 (2020).
Integrated numerical-experimental assessment of the effect of the AZ31B anisotropic behaviour in extended-surface treatments by laser shock processing. I. Angulo, F. Cordovilla, A. Garcia-Beltran, J. Porro, M. Diaz, J. Ocana, Metals, Vol. 10(2), p. 195 (2020).
Femtosecond laser produced periodic plasma in a colloidal crysal probed by XFEL radiation. N. Mukharamova, S. Lazarev, J. Meijer, O. Gorobtsov, A. Singer, M. Chollet, M. Bussmann, D. Dzhigaev, Y. Feng, M. Garten, A. Huebl, T. Kluge, R. Kurta, V. Lipp, R. Santra, M. Sikorski, S. Song, G. Williams, D. Zhu, B. Ziaja-Motyka, T. Cowan, A. Petukhov, I. Vartanyants, Soft Condensed Matter, arXiv:1911.03752 (2019).
Influence of magnetic field and density of environment on collimation of laboratory jet. M. Schaeuble, T. Nagayama, J. Bailey, T. Gomez, M. Montgomery, D. Winget, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 885, p. 86 (2019).
Thomson scattering from dense inhomogeneous plasmas. T. Beuermann, R. Redmer, Th. Bornath, Physical Review E, Vol. 99, p. 053205 (2019).
Atomic modeling of photoionization fronts in Nitrogen gas. W. Gray, P. Keiter, H. Lefevre, C. Patterson, J. Davis, K. Powell, C. Kuranz, R. Drake, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, p. 052901 (2019).
Ionization dynamics of dense matter generated by intense ultrashort X-ray pulses. M. Shihab, T. Bornath, R. Redmer, Contrib. Plasma Physics, Vol. 59, p. 1 - 10 (2019).
Experimental study of fast electron generation in intense short duration laser solid interation at grazing incidence. T. Mandal, V. Arora, B. S. Rao, A. Moorti, A. Upadhyay, J. Chakera, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, p. 043105 (2019).
Characterizing plasma conditions in radiatively heated solid-density samples with x-ray Thomson scattering. A. Saunders, B. Lahmann, G. Sutcliffe, J. Frenje, R. Falcone, T. Doppner, Phys Rev. E, Vol. 98, p. 063206 (2018).
Design considerations for indirectly driven double shell capsule. D. Montgomery, W. Daughton, B. Albright, A. Simakov, D. Wilson, E. Dodd, R. Kirkpatrick, R. Watt, M. Gunderson, E. Loomis, E. Merritt, T. Cardenas, P. Amendt, J. Milovich, H. Robey, R. Tipton, M. Rosen, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, p. 092706, (2018)
Magnetized plasma target for plasma-jet-driven magneto-intertial fusion. S. Hsu, S. Langendorf, Journal of Fusion Energy, p. 1 - 17 (2018).
Experimental considerations to observe two ionizing fronts in systems with a sharp absorption edge. P. Keiter, R. VanDervort, G. Cearley, E. Johnsen, R. Drake, Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, p. 10G104 (2018).
High-pressure chemistry of hydrocarbons relevant to planetary interiors and inertial confinement fusion. D. Kraus, N. Hartley, S. Frydrych, A. Schuster, K. Rohatsch, M. Rodel, T. Cowan, S. Brown, E. Cunningham, T. van Driel, L. Fletcher, E. Galtier, E. Gamboa, A. Laso Garcia, D. Gericke, E. Granados, P. Heimann, H. Lee, M. MacDonald, A. MacKinnon, E. McBride, I. Nam, P. Neumayer, A. Pak, A. Pelka, I. Prencipe, A. Ravasio, R. Redmer, A. Saunders, M. Scholmerich, M. Schorner, P. Sun, S. Turner, A. Zettl, R. Falcone, S. Glenzer, T. Doppner, J. Vorberger, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, p. 056313, (2018).
Physics criteria for a subscale plasma liner experiment. S. Hsu, F. Thio, J. of Fusion Energy, s10894-018-0154-5, (2018).
The interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with argon microdroplets studied near the soft x-ray emission threshold. R. Irsig, M. Shihab, L. Kazak, T. Bornath, J. Tiggesbaumker, R. Redmer, K-H. Meiwes-Broer, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol. 51, p. 024006 (2018).
Simulated laser-induced breakdown spectra of graphite and synthetic shergottite glass under Martian conditions. E. Ewusi-Annan, D. Surmick, N. Melikechi, R. Wiens, Spectrochimica Acta Part B, Vol. 148, p. 31 - 43 (2018).
Counter-propagating radiative shock experiments on the Orion laser and the formation of radiative precursors. T. Clayson, F. Suzuki-Vidal, S. Lebedev, G. Swadling, C. Stehle, G. Burdiak, J. Foster, J. Skidmore, P. Graham, E. Gumbrell, S. Patankar, C. Spindloe, U. Chaulagain, M. Kozlova, J. Larour R. Singh, R. Rodriguez, J. Gil, G. Espinosa, P. Velarde, C. Danson, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 23, p. 60-72 (2017).
Numerical study of core formation of asymmetrically driven cone-guided targets. H. Sawada, H. Sakagami, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, p. 100703 (2017).
Experimental study of the interaction of two laser-driven radiative shocks at the PALS laser. R. Singh, C. Stehle, F. Suzuki-Vidal, M. Kozlova, J. Larour, U. Chaulagain, T. Clayson et al., High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 23, pp. 20-30 (2017).
Evolution analysis of EUV radiation from laser-produced tin plasmas based on a radiation hydrodynamics model. M. Su, Q. Min, S. Cao, D. Sun, P. Hayden, G. O'Sullivan, C. Dong, Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, p. 45212 (2017).
Ab initio simulations of the dynamic ion structure factor of warm dense lithium. B. Witte, M. Shihab, S. Glenzer, R. Redmer, Physical Rev. B, Vol. 95, p. 144105 (2017).
Comment on "Large enhancement in high-energy photoionization of Fe XVII and missing continuum plasma opacity". C. Blancard, J. Colgan, Ph. Cosse, G. Faussurier, C. Fontes, F. Gilleron, I. Golovkin, S. Hansen, C. Iglesias, D. Kilcrease, J. MacFarlane, R. More, J. Pain, M. Sherrill, B. Wilson, Phys. Rev. Letters, Vol. 117, p. 249501 (2016).
Applications and results of X-ray spectroscopy in implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility. R. Epstein, S. Regan, B. Hammel, L. Suter, A. Scott, M. Barrios, D. Bradley et al., AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1811, p. 190004 (2016).
Cylindrical liner Z-pinch experiments for fusion research and high-energy-density physics. G. Burdiak, S. Lebedev, F. Suzuki-Vidal, G. Espinosa et al., Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 81, pp. 1-20 (2015).
EUV Source Modeling. S. Kulkarni, I. Golovkin, J. MacFarlane, Proc. SPIE 9048, Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography V, (2014).
Emission properties of ns and ps laser-induced soft x-ray sources using pulsed gas jets. Matthias Müller, Frank-Christian Kühl, Peter Großmann, Pavel Vrba, Klaus Mann, Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 10, pp. 12831-12842 (2013)
Characteristics of argon plasma waveguide produced by alumina capillary discharge for short- wavelength laser application. Takeshi Higashiguchi, Nadezhda Bobrova, Pavel Sasorov, Shohei Sakai, Yasuhiko Sentoku et al., Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 111, Issue 9, pp. 093302-1-093302-7 (2012)
Dependence of the cutoff in lithium plasma harmonics on the delay between the prepulse and the main pulse. M. Suzuki, M. Baba, R. Ganeev, L. Elouga Bom, H. Kuroda, T. Ozaki, G. Fiksel et al., Journal of Physics B, Vol. 45, Issue 6, p. 065601 (2012).
XUV spectroscopic characterization of warm dense aluminum plasmas generated by the free-electron-laser FLASH. U. Zastrau, T. Burian, J. Chalupsky, T. Doppner, et al., Laser and Particle Beams, Vol. 30, Issue 1, pp. 45-56 (2012).
Generation of of scaled protogalactic seed magnetic fields in laser-produced shock waves. G. Gregori, A. Ravasio, C. D. Murphy, K. Schaar et al., Nature Physics, Vol. 481, pp. 480-483 (2012).
Tendency of spherically imploding plasma liners formed by merging plasma jets to evolve toward spherical symmetry. J.T. Cassibry, M. Stanic, S.C. Hsu, F.D. Witherspoon, S.I. Abarzhi, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 5, p. 052702 (2012).
Hot electron temperature and coupling efficiency scaling with prepulse for cone-guided fast ignition. T. Ma, H. Sawada, P.K. Patel, C.D. Chen, L. Divol et al., Phys. Rev. Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11, p. 115004 (2012).
Measurement of the adiabatic index in Be compressed by counterpropagating shocks. C. Fortmann, H.J. Lee, T. Doppner, R.W. Falcone et al., Phys. Rev. Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 17, p. 175006 (2012).
Radiation hydrodynamic simulation of a photoionised plasma experiment at the Z facility. I.M. Hall, T. Durmaz, R.C. Mancini, J.E. Bailey, G.A. Rochau, Astrophysics & Space Sci., Vol. 336, Issue 1, p. 189-194 (2011).
High-resolution radial Ka spectra obtained from a multi-keV electron distribution in solid-density titanium foils generated by relativistic laser-matter interaction. U. Zastrau, A. Sengebusch, P. Audebert, E. Brambrink, R.R. Faustlin, T. Kampfer, et al., High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 2, p. 47-53 (2011).
Two-color Thomson Scattering at FLASH. P. Sperling, R. Thiele, B. Holst, C. Fortmann, S.H. Glenzer, S. Toleikis, Th. Tschentscher, R. Redmer, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 3, p. 145-149 (2011).
Development of X-ray Thomson scattering for implosion target characterization. A.L. Kritcher, T. Doppner, C. Fortmann, O.L. Landen, R. Wallace, S.H. Glenzer, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 4, p. 271-276 (2011).
Two-fluid electromagnetic simulations of plasma-jet acceleration with detailed equation-of-state. C. Thoma, D.R. Welch, R.E. Clark, N. Bruner, J.J. MacFarlane, I.E. Golovkin, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 10, p. 103507 (2011).
In-flight measurements of capsule shell adiabats in laser-driven implosions. A. L. Kritcher, T. Doppner, C. Fortmann, T. Ma, O. L. Landen et al., Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 1, p. 015002 (2011).
Soft X-ray scattering using FEL radiation for probing near-solid density plasmas at few electron volt temperatures. S. Toleikis, R.R. Faustlin, L. Cao, T. Doppner, S. Dusterer, E. Forster, C. Fortmannd, S.H. Glenzer et al., High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 15-20 (2010).
Ion velocity distribution measurements in a magnetized laser plasma expansion. A.B. Zylstra, C. Constantin, E.T. Everson, D. Schaeffer, N.L. Kugland, P. Pribyl, C. Niemann, J. Inst., Vol. 5, p. 06004 (2010).
Anti-diffusive radiation flow in the cooling layer of a radiating shock . R.G. McClarren, R.P. Drake, J. Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 111, Issue 14, p. 2095-2105 (2010).
X-ray radiography and scattering diagnosis of dense shock-compressed matter. S. Le Pape, P. Neumayer, C. Fortmann, T. Döppner, P. Davis et al., Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5, p. 056309 (2010).
Thomson scattering on inhomogeneous targets. R. Thiele, P. Sperling, M. Chen, Th. Bornath et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 82, p. 056404 (2010).
Plasmons in strongly coupled shock-compressed matter. P. Neumayer, C. Fortmann, T. Doppner, P. Davis, R.W. Falcone et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 105, Issue 7, p. 075003 (2010).
Interactive tools designed to study mix in inertial confinement fusion implosions. L. Welser-Sherrill, J.H. Cooley, D.C. Wilson, Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 180, Issue 6, p. 835-841 (2009).
Temperature measurement through detailed balance in x-ray Thomson scattering. T. Doppner, O.L. Landen, H.J. Lee, P. Neumayer, S.P. Regan, S.H. Glenzer, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 3, p. 182-186 (2009).
Thomson scattering in dense plasmas with density and temperature gradients. C. Fortmann, R. Thiele, R.R. Faustlin, Th. Bornath, B. Holst, W.D. Kraeft, V. Schwarz, S. Toleikis, Th. Tschentscher, R. Redmer, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 3, p. 208-211 (2009).
Radiation and hot electron temperature measurements of short-pulse laser driven hohlraums. C.R.D. Brown, S.F. James, F.N. Beg, C. Constantin, R.L. Daskalova, R. Edwards, R.R. Freeman et al., High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 3, p. 212-215 (2009).
Inference of ICF implosion core mix using experimental data and theoretical mix modeling. L. Welser-Sherrill, D.A. Haynes, R.C. Mancini, J.H. Cooley, R. Tommasini, I.E. Golovkin, M.E. Sherrill, S.W. Haan, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 4, p. 249-257 (2009).
Ultrafast K-alpha x-ray Thomson scattering from shock compressed lithium hydride. A. L. Kritcher, P. Neumayer, J. Castor, T. Doppner, R. W. Falcone et al., Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 5, p. 056308 (2009).
Evolution of elastic x-ray scattering in laser-shocked warm dense lithium. N. L. Kugland, G. Gregori, S. Bandyopadhyay, C. M. Brenner et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 80, Issue 6, p. 066406 (2009).
Measurements of ionic structure in shock compressed lithium hydride from ultrafast X-Ray Thomson scattering. A. L. Kritcher, P. Neumayer, C.R.D. Brown, P. Davis, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 103,Issue 24, p. 245004 (2009).
Modelling, design and diagnostics for a photoionised plasma experiment. I. Hall, T. Durmaz, R. Mancini, J. Bailey, G. Rochau, M. Rosenberg, D. Cohen, I. Golovkin, J. MacFarlane, M. Sherril, J. Abdallah, R. Hecter, M. Foord, S. Glenzer, H. Scott, Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 322, p. 117 - 121 (2009).
X-ray Thomson scattering in high energy density plasmas. S.H. Glenzer, R. Redmer, Rev. Modern Phys., Vol. 81, Issue 4, p. 1625-1663 (2009).
Probing warm dense lithium by inelastic X-ray scattering. E. Garcia Saiz, G. Gregpry, D.O. Gericke, J. Vorberger, B. Barbrel et al., Nature Physics, Vol. 4, pp. 940-944 (2008).
Application of fall-line mix models to understand degraded yield. L. Welser-Sherrill, J.H. Cooley, D.A. Haynes, D.C. Wilson, M.E. Sherrill et al., Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, p. 072702 (2008).
Laser assisted heating of extreme ultraviolet-emitting z-pinch plasmas. S. Wieneke, S. Brückner, W. Viol, Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, p. 122508 (2008).
Experimental characterization of picosecond laser interaction with solid targets. D. Jung, L.A. Gizzi, L. Labate, D. Neely, M.M. Notley et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 77, Issue 5, p. 056403 (2008).
Bremsstrahlung and line spectroscopy of warm dense aluminum plasma heated by xuv free-electron-laser radiation. U. Zastrau, C. Fortmann, R.R. Faustlin, L.F. Cao, T. Doppner et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 78, p. 066406 (2008).
Studies of plastic-ablator compressibility for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion on OMEGA. S.X. Hu, V.A. Smalyuk, V.N. Goncharov, J.P. Knauer, P.B. Radha et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 100, p. 185003 (2008).
Ultrafast X-ray Thomson scattering of shock-compressed matter. A.L. Kritcher, P. Neumayer, J. Castor et al., Science Magazine, Vol. 322, pp. 69-71,(2008).
Development of two mix model postprocessors for the investigation of shell mix in indirect drive implosion cores. L. Welser-Sherrill, R.C. Mancini, D.A. Haynes, S.W. Haan, I.E. Golovkin, J.J. MacFarlane et al., Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, p. 072705 (2007).
Spectroscopic determination of temperature and density spatial profiles and mix in indirect-drive implosion cores. L. Welser-Sherrill, R.C. Mancini, J.A. Koch, N. Izumi, R. Tommasini et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 76, p. 056403 (2007).
Development of spectroscopic tools for the determination of temperature and density spatial profiles in implosion cores. L. Welser-Sherrill, R. Mancini, J. Koch, N. Izumi, R. Tommasini, S. Haan, D. Haynes, I. Golovkin, J. Delettrez, F. Marshall, S. Regan, V. Smalyuk, High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 3, p. 287 - 291 (2007).
Measurement and modeling of the implosion of wire arrays with seeded instabilities. B. Jones, C.J. Garasi, D.J. Ampleford, C. Deeney, T.A. Mehlhorn et al., Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, p. 056313 (2006).
Spectroscopic analysis and NLTE radiative cooling effects in ICF capsule implosions with mid-Z dopants . I.E. Golovkin, J.J. MacFarlane, P.R. Woodruff, J.E. Bailey, G. Rochau, K. Peterson, T.A. Mehlhorn, R.C. Mancini, JQSRT, Vol. 99, Issue 1-3, pp. 199-208 (2006).
Dopant radiative cooling effects in indirect-drive Ar-doped capsule implosion experiments. J.J. MacFarlane, I. Golovkin, R.C. Mancini et al., Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 72, Issue 6, p. 066403 (2005).
Radiation-hydrodynamics, spectral, and atomic physics modeling of laser-produced plasma EUV lithography light sources. J.J. MacFarlane, C.L. Rettinq, I. Golovkin, et al., Proc. SPIE 5751, Emerging Lithographic Technologies IX, p. 588 (2005).
Modeling of Indirect-Drive ICF Implosions Using a 1-D Hydrodynamics Code with Inline Collisional-Radiative Atomic Kinetics. J.J. MacFarlane, I. Golovkin, R.C. Mancini et al., Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications, p. 166 (2003).